Lo que está claro es que el EC ha sido pedido por el UST porque hay tomate para las acciones, la duda es cuanto tomate.
He buscado y buscado información al respecto y, aunque con dudas, sigo pensando que el UST no necesita la aprobación de la juez para designar un EC. Por favor corregirme si alguien tiene más claro este tema.
Os adjunto unos articulos del UST sobre la creación de un EC en procesos de Chapter 11.
(EN EL ULTIMO PARRAFO SE HABLA DE DIFERENCIAR A LOS ACCIONISTAS POR EL TIEMPO DE ENTRAR EN LA SOCIEDAD, PUEDEN SER DECLARADOS "SPECULATORS"................LEERLO BIEN Y DARME VUESTRAS OPINIONES PLEASE......)
3-4.6 - EQUITY SECURITY HOLDERS' COMMITTEE
The Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C. § 1102(a)(1)) authorizes the appointment by the United States Trustee of additional committees, including a committee of equity security holders. [emphasis added] If the United States Trustee declines to exercise the discretion to appoint a supernumerary committee, the court may order the appointment of a committee by the United States Trustee. 11 U.S.C. § 1102(a)(2). While there is no statutory requirement to do so, practitioners should be encouraged to submit requests for additional committees first to the United States Trustee prior to moving for relief from the court, as this may achieve the desired result without the need for litigation. If a party in interest moves the court for an order directing the appointment of a committee, the court can grant the relief only upon finding that the appointment of the additional committee is "necessary to assure adequate representation" of the movant's interests. In re Edison Bros. Stores, Inc., 1996 WL 534853 (D. Del. Sept. 17, 1996); In re Lykes Bros. S.S. Co., 200 B.R. 933 (M.D. Fla. 1996). If the court directs the appointment, the United States Trustee actually selects and appoints the committee.
The appointment of an equity committee is the exception rather than the rule, with the burden on the requesting party in interest to demonstrate the need for adequate representation. See Edison Bros, Stores, Inc., supra; In re Johns-Manville Corp., 68 B.R. 155, 158 (S.D.N.Y. 1986). While equity holders clearly have an interest different from that of unsecured creditors, this is not a sufficient reason to routinely establish an equity committee. There are many sources of adequate representation aside from the appointment of an official committee. See Johns-Manville, 68 B.R. at 163; In re Hills Stores Co., 137 B.R. 4 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1992). Generally, the board of directors acts for the shareholders. Once a company becomes insolvent, the directors still owe a fiduciary duty to the shareholders. Commodities Futures Trading Comm'n v. Weintraub, 471 U.S. 343, 355 (1985); In re Bush Terminal Co., 78 F.2d 662, 665 (2d Cir. 1935); In re Lionel, 30 B.R. 327 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1983). Upon commencement of a bankruptcy case, the board's fiduciary duty is extended to the creditors. Commodities Futures Trading Comm'n v. Weintraub, supra. Pure speculation that a debtor's board and management will sacrifice equity to placate the creditors is insufficient to establish the need for an equity committee. Edison Bros. Stores, Inc., supra.
The United States Trustee may consider all relevant factors in determining whether or not to appoint an equity committee. Factors to consider may include whether the debtor is hopelessly insolvent (In re Emons Indus, Inc., 50 B.R. 692 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1985)); whether the stock is publicly traded and widely held (In re Wang Labs., Inc., 149 B.R. 1 (Bankr. D. Mass. 1992) and In re Johns-Manville Corp., 68 B.R. 155 (S.D.N.Y. 1986)); whether a case is complex (financially as compared with operationally) (In re Edison Bros. Stores, Inc., 1996 WL 534853 (D. Del. Sept. 17, 1996)); timeliness of the request for the committee (In re Kalvar Microfilm, Inc., 195 B.R. 599 (Bankr. D. Del. 1996)); additional cost to the estate, id.; and alternative sources of adequate representation (Edison Bros. Stores, Inc., supra; In re Hills Stores Co., 137 B.R. 4 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1992)).
If an equity security holders' committee is to be appointed, the United States Trustee should seek to obtain a list of the largest beneficial holders of the debtor's securities. Large blocks of stock are often held in a "street name" by brokerage houses or "in trust" at financial institutions, making it difficult to determine the identity of the beneficial interest holders. The regional office of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission may be able to assist in this process. The list should contain the names of at least the forty largest beneficial holders, as potential members often reside throughout the country and it may, therefore, be difficult to find stockholders willing to serve.
Section 1102(b)(2) of the Bankruptcy Code provides that committees of equity security holders will ordinarily consist of the persons who hold the seven largest amounts of equity securities of the debtor. When appointing members to a committee of shareholders, inquiry should be made concerning whether the holders acquired their interest before or after the commencement of the case. If the interest was acquired postpetition, the holder may well be designated as a "speculator" and potentially afforded different treatment under a plan. See In re Four Seasons Nursing Ctrs., Inc., 472 F.2d 747 (10th Cir. 1973). Since the appointment of these members may distort the "representativeness" of the committee, this circumstance should be considered by the United States Trustee in making the appointment.